What do the terms flora and fauna refer to?

The terms "flora" and "fauna" specifically refer to the plant and animal life found in a particular region or environment. "Flora" encompasses all flowering plants, trees, shrubs, ferns, and any other types of vegetation. "Fauna," on the other hand, includes all the animal species present in a given habitat. This categorization is crucial in ecological studies, biodiversity assessments, and conservation efforts, as understanding the types and interactions of plants and animals is essential for the health of ecosystems. The other options relate to geographic and environmental elements, but they do not encompass the specific biological definitions that flora and fauna represent.