Which taste function is associated with flavors such as bitterness and sweetness?

The taste function is specifically responsible for differentiating various flavors, including bitterness and sweetness. Taste is one of the primary sensory functions that allows individuals to experience and perceive different flavors contained in food and beverages. This sensation is mainly facilitated by taste buds on the tongue, which respond to various chemical compounds to elicit specific taste qualities, including sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.

In contrast, smell functions relate to the olfactory system, which contributes significantly to flavor perception but does not directly encompass the taste qualities themselves. Proprioceptive functions pertain to the body's ability to sense its position and movement, and are not related to taste. Touch functions involve the sensation of pressure, temperature, and texture and do not directly concern flavors or taste perception.

Therefore, focusing on taste functions provides a clear understanding of how individuals perceive and differentiate bitterness and sweetness, making it the correct choice in this context.